Irna Haslina Ibrahim, Mohamad Jamil Arif Mansor, Herma Dina Setiabudi, Nurul Aini Razali, Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti, Minh An Tran Nguyen, Siti Jamilatun, Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of bi-refiorming of methane (BRM), combining bibliometric analysis (2019–mid-2024) with a technical review of thermodynamics, mechanisms, and catalyst design. Bibliometric mapping revealed a significant research gap regarding the dual role of bimetallic species in active sites and supports. Specifically, there is a lack of systematic reviews addressing the dual role of bimetallic species and supports. Technical review confirms BRM feasibility at high temperatures, identifying CH4 activation and oxygen dynamics as the rate-controlling step. The catalytic review demonstrates that bimetallic catalysts and doped supports enhance active-site dispersion, oxygen storage and mobility, and coke resistance compared with monometallic systems, yielding improved activity and stability. This work advocates for consistent reporting of performance metrics (conversion, H2/CO, carbon deposition rate, time-on-stream). By bridging bibliometric trends with technical insights, this work provide roadmap in the development of a more stable, sustainable catalyst system for efficient syngas production. © 2026 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid & Processes (FLUID CENTRE), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Pahang, Kuantan, Malaysia
