Moh. Dede, Sunardi Sunardi, Millary Agung Widiawaty, Arif Ismail, Kuok-Choy Lam, Nana Nur Afriana, Susilowati Susilowati, Teguh Husodo, Erry Sukriah, Heni Susiati
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Indonesia reappeared after three decades and caused losses to farmers. This study aims to reveal the spatial distribution and correlation of environmental factors in the FMD cases in West Java, Indonesia. The research covered all regencies and cities in West Java. Environmental factors were cattle population (X1), cattle input (X2), cattle output (X3), meat production (X4), milk production (X5), leather production (X6), imported cattle (X7), altitude (X8), vegetation greenness (X9), temperature (X10), and humidity (X11). We used tabular and spatial data from West Java Open Data, BPS, BMKG, Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, MODIS satellite imagery, and Copernicus DEM. Interactions between variables referred to Global Moran′s and negative binomial regression (NBR) with 95% confidence level. FMD mostly affects cattle in five regencies (Bandung, West Bandung, Garut, Cirebon, and Kuningan). FMD and environmental factors had random spatial patterns except for elevation. At least eight factors (X1, X3, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, and X11) were significantly interacted with the outbreak. These factors could explain 72% of the outbreak in West Java. FMD is primarily linked to socio-economic factors, making it essential to enhance biosecurity measures and increase vigilance among farmers. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Doctoral Program on Environmental Science, Graduate School (SPs), Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Bandung City, Indonesia; Center for Environment and Sustainability Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Bandung City, Indonesia; Cakrabuana Institute for Geoinformation, Environment and Social Studies, Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia; Faculty of Social Sciences Education (FPIPS), Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, West Java, Bandung City, Indonesia; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang Regency, West Java, Indonesia; Human Geography Program, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Geography Program, Center for Research in Development, Social and Environment, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia; Department of Geography, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia; UPTD Pusat Kesehatan Hewan Ciledug (Public Veterinary Clinic), Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia; Directorate for Development Policy, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Jakarta, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
