Sukarni, Bagus Ardiansyah Dharmawan, Beltsazar Bayu Krismanto, Yoga Aryatama Primanta, Yusril Sabri Wahyudi, Poppy Puspitasari, Nandang Mufti, Avita Ayu Permanasari, Samsudin Anis, Anwar Johari
Massive utilization of firewood faced problems related to deforestation and harmful emissions. Indonesia experiences the fastest deforestation rate in the world (1000 km2/year). Household air pollution (HAP) resulting from the smoke of burning firewood causes premature deaths of around 165,000 to 68,000 each year in Indonesia. Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) and electricity are projected to be clean energy sources for households; however, switching to LPG fuel or electricity for remote rural households is constrained by their limited financial ability. Therefore, shifting the energy supply of rural communities from wood to fuel from agricultural waste can reduce the risk of deforestation, while reducing HAP is done by forming it into bio-briquettes. Manufacturing rice husk (RH) or carbonized rice husk (CRH) for bio-briquette fuels is intended to solve the problem of massive woody biomass and improve the combustion process to reduce the risk of HAP. This paper specifically investigates and compares the physical and chemical properties of RH and CRH as a first step to verifying their potential as bio-briquette materials. © 2024 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
Center for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Engineering (CRSEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl.Semarang No 5, Jawa Timur, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl.Semarang No 5, Jawa Timur, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl.Semarang No 5, Jawa Timur, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Agro Energy Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Central Java, Semarang City, 50229, Indonesia; Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
