Saktioto Saktioto, Yan Soerbakti, Ari Sulistyo Rini, Budi Astuti, Syamsudhuha Syamsudhuha, Sofia Anita, Yolanda Rati
Advanced engineering in metamaterials can realize the potential for better sensor performance in combination with zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductor materials. This research aims to investigate the optical properties and develop a sensor media invention based on hybrid metamaterials. The finite-difference time-domain method was carried out in this research for the design, characterization, and integration of a metamaterial sensor by a multi-cell split ring resonator (SRR) with a square pattern and a thin film of ZnO (200 nm). Geometry characterization of the SRR metamaterial was carried out using a modified Nicolson-Ross-Weir electromagnetic field function approach. The application of this type of sensor is used to detect early electrolyticity of analytes resulting from transmission spectra based on the electrical conductivity of several samples. Analysis of metamaterial characteristics identified double-negative (DNG) optical properties that increased drastically to the extreme point on the scale of 104. The performance of the metamaterial sensor integrated by multi-SRR-square and ZnO thin film provides reflection and transmission resonance frequencies in a triple bandwidth. In addition, 73% of the absorption spectrum is at a frequency of ~8 GHz. Seawater electrolyticity sensor testing provides better spectrum readings with a reduction in resonance depth and frequency shift sensitivity of 3.13 MHz for every increase in electrical conductivity of 0.07 S/m. © 2024 Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT. All rights reserved.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, 50229, Indonesia; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
