Andin Vita Amalia, Fidia Fibriana, Talitha Widiatningrum, Risa Dwita Hardianti
Bioethanol gel is gaining more attention for clean cooking fuel as green technology and partial replacement of burning the biomass for cooking purposes. The conversion of tapioca flour wastes to bioethanol and its production to bioethanol gel have not been performed. Tapioca flour industrial wastes are rich in sugar, and promising for the low-cost biomass for bioethanol production. The production of bioethanol from cassava peels and cassava pomace (onggok) and its bioethanol gel formulation were performed in this study. The research was carried out by treating tapioca starch wastes with pretreatment and hydrolysis, continued by applying eight fermentation treatments, and the bioethanol yields were analyzed quantitatively. Then, the bioethanol gel was formulated. The viscosity, calorific value, burning time, flame color, and ash content of the bioethanol gel were analyzed. It can be concluded that cassava-based industrial wastes were successfully converted to bioethanol with a 35% yield resulting in a 25% bioethanol concentration at a 2.64 g/L per h conversion rate. The efficiency of bioconversion was 86%, and reflux column distillation could increase the bioethanol concentration to 92%. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was an effective gelling agent and improved the viscosity at 1.338 mPa.s and burning time to 184 min. The ash content of all samples was lower than 5%, meaning that it is promising for further application as a household cookstove fuel. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Department of Integrated Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, 50229, Central Java, Indonesia; Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai Campus, Hatyai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, 50229, Central Java, Indonesia
