Moh. Dede, Mamat Ruhimat, Nana Nur Afriana, Millary Agung Widiawaty, Heni Susiati
Gianyar Regency in Bali exemplifies an innovative approach to spatial planning that successfully integrates Hindu cosmological principles, environmental sustainability, and modern urban development, while incorporating culturally-grounded disaster mitigation strategies. Our study examines Gianyar's unique spatial organization within the traditional Balinese architectural frameworks of asta kosala kosali and asta bhumi, assessing their effectiveness through contemporary urban planning theory and disaster risk reduction. The research employed qualitative methods, including spatial analysis, field surveys, and document studies, to reveal how Gianyar's planning system operationalizes the tri hita karana through distinct functional zoning for spiritual sites, agrotourism, civic administration, craft industries, and cultural tourism. The spatial configuration adheres to sacred geography principles, with government centers located in the madya zone and major temples concentrated in the utama area, thereby maintaining the traditional kaja-kelod. Particularly noteworthy is the "Gianyar's Sincan and Ramcana", which synergizes modern geospatial technology with indigenous knowledge systems, creating a disaster management framework that combines digital early warning systems with traditional ecological knowledge. This integrated approach has significantly enhanced resilience against frequent hazards, including landslides, earthquakes, and floods. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Faculty of Social Sciences Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung City, Indonesia; Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung City, Indonesia; Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia; Cakrabuana Institute for Geoinformation, Environment and Social Studies (CIGESS), Cirebon Regency, Indonesia; ISTerre, Cnrs Ird Umr 5275, École Doctorale Sciences de la Terre, de l'Environnement et des Planètes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Isère, France; National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Central Jakarta, Indonesia
