Fatiatun Fatiatun, Suriani Abu Bakar, Azmi Mohamed, Hamdan Hadi Kusuma, Ghani Ur Rehman, Muqoyyanah Muqoyyanah, Putut Marwoto, Budi Astuti, Rika Noor Safitri, Febriani Febriani, Kusnanto Mukti Wibowo, Firdaus Firdaus, Numan Salah
Industrial wastewater containing methylene blue (MB) poses major environmental and health risks due to its persistence, toxicity, and resistance to biodegradation, necessitating more efficient treatment strategies. Conventional adsorption and photocatalysis methods often suffer from limited recyclability, low recovery, and reduced overall efficiency, driving interest in nanomaterial-based solutions. This study aims to improve adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of MB using cellulose acetate (CA) electrospun nanofiber membranes modified with graphene oxide (GO), metal oxides (ZnO, TiO2, CdS), and zeolite. The membranes were fabricated via electrospinning and characterized using FESEM, EDX, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and FTIR to determine morphology, composition, crystallinity, and functional groups. Adsorption-photocatalytic performance was analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, with Langmuir and Freundlich models used to evaluate adsorption behavior. The CA/SDS-GO/zeolite/TiO2 membrane nanofiber achieved the highest performance, with an adsorption-photocatalysis capacity of 233.20 mg/g and efficiency of 93.28 %, outperforming ZnO- and CdS-based variants. Its superior activity is attributed to increased surface area, enhanced porosity, and strong synergistic interactions with TiO2. The adsorption data followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9999), indicating monolayer adsorption with high dye affinity. These findings highlight the potential of GO-metal oxide-zeolite nanocomposites as effective, environmentally friendly materials for wastewater treatment. © 2026 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Tanjung Malim, 35900, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Tanjung Malim, 35900, Malaysia; Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Education and Teaching, Universitas Sains Al-Qur'an, Kalibeber, Mojotengah, Wonosobo, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Tanjung Malim, 35900, Malaysia; Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Semarang, 50185, Indonesia; Research Center for Nanotechnology Systems, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, South Tangerang, 15314, Indonesia; Physics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, 50229, Indonesia; Department of Medical Electronics Engineering Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Purwokerto, 53182, Indonesia; Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
