Mahalul Azam, Susanti Lestari, Sri Ratna Rahayu, Arulita Ika Fibriana, Budhi Setianto, Nyoman Suci Widyastiti, Suhartono, Hardhono Susanto, Martha Irene Kartasurya, Udin Bahrudin, Thijs Eijsvogels
BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays an important role in the atherosclerotic process. High-sensitivity C-reactive-protein (hs-CRP) is commonly used as inflammatory biomarker. It is well known that regular physical activity lowers hs-CRP levels, while prolonged exercise induces hs-CRP elevations. However, the relationship of training and exercise characteristics with hs-CRP levels remains not well elucidated. We evaluated baseline and post-exercise hs-CRP levels and its association with training and exercise characteristics. METHODS: Eighty-eight male endurance cyclists were involved. Demographic data, health condition and training characteristics were collected. Baseline and postexercise blood-samples were collected to determine hs- CRP concentrations. A hs-CRP cut-off point of 3 mg/L was used. Blood-cell count and biochemical parameters were measured at baseline. Heart rate (HR) was measured during exercise. RESULTS: Cyclists performed 7.3 hours (interquartilerange (IQR) = 5.4-7.5) of endurance exercise at intensity of 81.8 % (IQR = 74.9-85.8). Cyclists with baseline hs- CRP ≥ 3 mg/L reported higher body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist-circumference and total-cholesterol. An increase in hs-CRP was following endurance exercise. Cyclists with any elevation of hs-CRP reported a higher BMI, HR during exercise and exercise intensity. Binary logistic regression analysis showed BMI (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.04-1.48) and cycling distance (OR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.06-0.76) were associated with post-exercise hs-CRP elevations. CONCLUSION: Body mass, BMI, waist-circumference, total- and HDL-cholesterol are associated with baseline hs- CRP, whereas BMI and cycling distance were associated with hs-CRP elevations. These findings suggest that anthropometry parameters and lipid levels attributed to baseline hs-CRP, while anthropometry parameters and cycling intensity attributed to post-exercise hs-CRP elevations. © 2019 Prodia Education and Research Institute.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Jl. Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia; Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Imam Bardjo SH No. 5, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Letjen S. Parman Kav 87, Slipi, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Doktor Sutomo No. 16, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Doktor Sutomo No. 16, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 30, Netherlands
